D-6660 Daunorubicin, Hydrochloride Salt, >98%

Solubility: DMSO.

DNR-101

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• Daunorubicin, also known as daunomycin, is an anthracycline antibiotic that is one of the major antitumor agents widely used in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and Kaposi's sarcoma.
• Daunomycin and Actinomycin reduced mitotic activity and thymidine incorporation, whereas both processes appeared less affected by N-acetyldaunomycin.  All three antibiotics inhibited nucleolar RNA synthesis at low doses.  Di Marco A., et al. "Inhibiting effect of the new cytotoxic antibiotic daunomycin on nucleic acids and mitotic activity of HeLa cells." J. Cell Biol. 27: 545-550 (1965).
• Cytotoxicity mediated by daunorubicin is the result of drug-induced damage to DNA.  Cell responses to daunorubicin are regulated by multiple signaling events, including a sphingomyelinase-initiated sphingomyelin-ceramide pathway, mitogen-activated kinase and stress-activated protein/c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation, transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappa B, and the Fas/Fas-ligand system.  Laurent G. and Jaffrezou J.P.  "Signaling pathways activated by daunorubicin." Blood 98: 913-924 (2001).
• Related CAS numbers: 20830-81-3 for the free base; 143061-66-9 for the acetate salt; 371770-68-2 and 1884557-85-0 for the citrate salt.
• Other CAS numbers previously assigned to Daunorubicin, 52471-42-8 and 1087700-63-7, have been deleted by CAS and are no longer in use.
• Daunorubicin (as the free base) is the active ingredient in the drug product sold under the trade names Vyxeos®.  This drug has been approved in at least one country for the treatment of adults with newly-diagnosed therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes.   NOTE: THE DAUNORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE SOLD BY LC LABORATORIES FOR RESEARCH IS NOT VYXEOS® AND IS NOT FOR HUMAN USE.
• Sold for laboratory or manufacturing purposes only; not for human, veterinary, food, or household use.
• This product is offered for R&D use in accordance with (i) 35 USC 271(e)+A13(1) in the U.S.; (ii) Section 69.1 of Japanese Patent Law in Japan; (iii) Section 11, No. 2 of the German Patent Act of 1981 in Germany; (iv) Section 60, Paragraph 5b of the U.K. Patents Act of 1977 in the U.K.; (v) Sections 55.2(1) and 55.2(6) and other common law exemptions of Canadian patent law; (vi) Section 68B of the Patents Act of 1953 in New Zealand together with the amendment of same by the Statutes Amendment Bill of 2002; (vii) such related legislation and/or case law as may be or become applicable in the aforementioned countries; and (viii) such similar laws and rules as may apply in various other countries.